qos

PostgreSQL QoS 资源治理扩展（会话与查询限流/隔离）

概览

扩展包名	版本	分类	许可证	语言
`pg_qos`	`1.0`	ADMIN	GPL-3.0	C

ID	扩展名	Bin	Lib	Load	Create	Trust	Reloc	模式
5240	`qos`	否	是	是	是	否	否	-

相关扩展	`plan_filter` `pg_kpart` `pg_readonly` `prioritize` `block_copy_command` `safeupdate` `pg_command_fw` `pg_strict` `pg_hint_plan`

requires shared_preload_libraries = ‘qos’; official support PG15+

版本

类型	仓库	版本	PG 大版本	包名	依赖
EXT	PIGSTY	`1.0`	1817161514	`pg_qos`	-
RPM	PIGSTY	`1.0.0`	1817161514	`pg_qos_$v`	-
DEB	PIGSTY	`1.0.0`	1817161514	`postgresql-$v-qos`	-

OS / PG	PG18	PG17	PG16	PG15	PG14
el8.x86_64	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el8.x86_64.pg18 : pg_qos_18 pg_qos_18-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el8.x86_64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 29.2KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el8.x86_64.pg17 : pg_qos_17 pg_qos_17-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el8.x86_64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 29.2KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el8.x86_64.pg16 : pg_qos_16 pg_qos_16-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el8.x86_64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 29.2KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el8.x86_64.pg15 : pg_qos_15 pg_qos_15-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el8.x86_64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 29.5KiB	N/A
el8.aarch64	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el8.aarch64.pg18 : pg_qos_18 pg_qos_18-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el8.aarch64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 29.0KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el8.aarch64.pg17 : pg_qos_17 pg_qos_17-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el8.aarch64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 29.0KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el8.aarch64.pg16 : pg_qos_16 pg_qos_16-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el8.aarch64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 28.9KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el8.aarch64.pg15 : pg_qos_15 pg_qos_15-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el8.aarch64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 29.3KiB	N/A
el9.x86_64	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el9.x86_64.pg18 : pg_qos_18 pg_qos_18-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el9.x86_64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 28.3KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el9.x86_64.pg17 : pg_qos_17 pg_qos_17-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el9.x86_64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 28.5KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el9.x86_64.pg16 : pg_qos_16 pg_qos_16-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el9.x86_64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 28.4KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el9.x86_64.pg15 : pg_qos_15 pg_qos_15-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el9.x86_64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 29.2KiB	N/A
el9.aarch64	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el9.aarch64.pg18 : pg_qos_18 pg_qos_18-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el9.aarch64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 28.3KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el9.aarch64.pg17 : pg_qos_17 pg_qos_17-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el9.aarch64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 28.5KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el9.aarch64.pg16 : pg_qos_16 pg_qos_16-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el9.aarch64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 28.4KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el9.aarch64.pg15 : pg_qos_15 pg_qos_15-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el9.aarch64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 29.3KiB	N/A
el10.x86_64	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el10.x86_64.pg18 : pg_qos_18 pg_qos_18-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el10.x86_64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 28.7KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el10.x86_64.pg17 : pg_qos_17 pg_qos_17-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el10.x86_64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 28.9KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el10.x86_64.pg16 : pg_qos_16 pg_qos_16-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el10.x86_64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 28.8KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el10.x86_64.pg15 : pg_qos_15 pg_qos_15-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el10.x86_64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 29.6KiB	N/A
el10.aarch64	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el10.aarch64.pg18 : pg_qos_18 pg_qos_18-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el10.aarch64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 28.6KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el10.aarch64.pg17 : pg_qos_17 pg_qos_17-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el10.aarch64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 28.8KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el10.aarch64.pg16 : pg_qos_16 pg_qos_16-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el10.aarch64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 28.7KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 el10.aarch64.pg15 : pg_qos_15 pg_qos_15-1.0.0-1PIGSTY.el10.aarch64.rpm PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 29.5KiB	N/A
d12.x86_64	PIGSTY 1.0.0 d12.x86_64.pg18 : postgresql-18-qos postgresql-18-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~bookworm_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 69.3KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 d12.x86_64.pg17 : postgresql-17-qos postgresql-17-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~bookworm_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 69.3KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 d12.x86_64.pg16 : postgresql-16-qos postgresql-16-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~bookworm_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 69.2KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 d12.x86_64.pg15 : postgresql-15-qos postgresql-15-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~bookworm_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 69.4KiB	N/A
d12.aarch64	PIGSTY 1.0.0 d12.aarch64.pg18 : postgresql-18-qos postgresql-18-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~bookworm_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 68.5KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 d12.aarch64.pg17 : postgresql-17-qos postgresql-17-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~bookworm_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 68.6KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 d12.aarch64.pg16 : postgresql-16-qos postgresql-16-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~bookworm_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 68.3KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 d12.aarch64.pg15 : postgresql-15-qos postgresql-15-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~bookworm_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 68.4KiB	N/A
d13.x86_64	PIGSTY 1.0.0 d13.x86_64.pg18 : postgresql-18-qos postgresql-18-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~trixie_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 69.6KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 d13.x86_64.pg17 : postgresql-17-qos postgresql-17-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~trixie_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 69.6KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 d13.x86_64.pg16 : postgresql-16-qos postgresql-16-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~trixie_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 69.5KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 d13.x86_64.pg15 : postgresql-15-qos postgresql-15-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~trixie_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 69.4KiB	N/A
d13.aarch64	PIGSTY 1.0.0 d13.aarch64.pg18 : postgresql-18-qos postgresql-18-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~trixie_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 68.6KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 d13.aarch64.pg17 : postgresql-17-qos postgresql-17-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~trixie_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 68.7KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 d13.aarch64.pg16 : postgresql-16-qos postgresql-16-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~trixie_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 68.4KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 d13.aarch64.pg15 : postgresql-15-qos postgresql-15-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~trixie_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 68.5KiB	N/A
u22.x86_64	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u22.x86_64.pg18 : postgresql-18-qos postgresql-18-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~jammy_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 73.7KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u22.x86_64.pg17 : postgresql-17-qos postgresql-17-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~jammy_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 81.3KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u22.x86_64.pg16 : postgresql-16-qos postgresql-16-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~jammy_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 79.9KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u22.x86_64.pg15 : postgresql-15-qos postgresql-15-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~jammy_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 80.0KiB	N/A
u22.aarch64	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u22.aarch64.pg18 : postgresql-18-qos postgresql-18-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~jammy_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 73.1KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u22.aarch64.pg17 : postgresql-17-qos postgresql-17-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~jammy_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 80.9KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u22.aarch64.pg16 : postgresql-16-qos postgresql-16-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~jammy_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 79.5KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u22.aarch64.pg15 : postgresql-15-qos postgresql-15-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~jammy_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 80.0KiB	N/A
u24.x86_64	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u24.x86_64.pg18 : postgresql-18-qos postgresql-18-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~noble_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 71.7KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u24.x86_64.pg17 : postgresql-17-qos postgresql-17-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~noble_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 71.9KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u24.x86_64.pg16 : postgresql-16-qos postgresql-16-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~noble_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 71.8KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u24.x86_64.pg15 : postgresql-15-qos postgresql-15-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~noble_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 72.0KiB	N/A
u24.aarch64	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u24.aarch64.pg18 : postgresql-18-qos postgresql-18-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~noble_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 71.4KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u24.aarch64.pg17 : postgresql-17-qos postgresql-17-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~noble_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 71.5KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u24.aarch64.pg16 : postgresql-16-qos postgresql-16-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~noble_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 71.3KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u24.aarch64.pg15 : postgresql-15-qos postgresql-15-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~noble_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 71.9KiB	N/A
u26.x86_64	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u26.x86_64.pg18 : postgresql-18-qos postgresql-18-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~resolute_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 71.8KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u26.x86_64.pg17 : postgresql-17-qos postgresql-17-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~resolute_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 72.0KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u26.x86_64.pg16 : postgresql-16-qos postgresql-16-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~resolute_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 71.9KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u26.x86_64.pg15 : postgresql-15-qos postgresql-15-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~resolute_amd64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 71.8KiB	N/A
u26.aarch64	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u26.aarch64.pg18 : postgresql-18-qos postgresql-18-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~resolute_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 71.4KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u26.aarch64.pg17 : postgresql-17-qos postgresql-17-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~resolute_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 71.6KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u26.aarch64.pg16 : postgresql-16-qos postgresql-16-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~resolute_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 71.4KiB	PIGSTY 1.0.0 u26.aarch64.pg15 : postgresql-15-qos postgresql-15-qos_1.0.0-1PIGSTY~resolute_arm64.deb PIGSTY · 1.0.0 · 71.5KiB	N/A

构建

您可以使用 pig build 命令构建 pg_qos 扩展的 RPM / DEB 包：

BASH

pig build pkg pg_qos         # 构建 RPM / DEB 包

安装

您可以直接安装 pg_qos 扩展包的预置二进制包，首先确保 PGDG 和 PIGSTY 仓库已经添加并启用：

BASH

pig repo add pgsql -u          # 添加仓库并更新缓存

使用 pig 或者是 apt/yum/dnf 安装扩展：

安装

BASH

pig install pg_qos;          # 当前活跃 PG 版本安装

pig

BASH

pig ext install -y pg_qos -v 18  # PG 18
pig ext install -y pg_qos -v 17  # PG 17
pig ext install -y pg_qos -v 16  # PG 16
pig ext install -y pg_qos -v 15  # PG 15

dnf

BASH

dnf install -y pg_qos_18       # PG 18
dnf install -y pg_qos_17       # PG 17
dnf install -y pg_qos_16       # PG 16
dnf install -y pg_qos_15       # PG 15

apt

BASH

apt install -y postgresql-18-qos   # PG 18
apt install -y postgresql-17-qos   # PG 17
apt install -y postgresql-16-qos   # PG 16
apt install -y postgresql-15-qos   # PG 15

预加载配置：

BASH

shared_preload_libraries = 'qos';

创建扩展：

SQL

CREATE EXTENSION qos;

用法

qos: PostgreSQL 会话和查询的 QoS 资源治理扩展

qos 扩展为 PostgreSQL 提供服务质量（QoS）资源治理，允许管理员对每个角色和每个数据库设置内存使用、CPU 核心数和并发事务/语句的限制。

配置参数

参数	类型	描述
`qos.work_mem_limit`	字节	每个会话的最大有效 `work_mem`
`qos.cpu_core_limit`	整数	会话可用的最大 CPU 核心数
`qos.max_concurrent_tx`	整数	最大并发事务数
`qos.max_concurrent_select`	整数	最大并发 SELECT 语句数
`qos.max_concurrent_update`	整数	最大并发 UPDATE 语句数
`qos.max_concurrent_delete`	整数	最大并发 DELETE 语句数
`qos.max_concurrent_insert`	整数	最大并发 INSERT 语句数

角色级限制

SQL

ALTER ROLE app_user SET qos.work_mem_limit = '32MB';
ALTER ROLE app_user SET qos.cpu_core_limit = '2';
ALTER ROLE app_user SET qos.max_concurrent_select = '100';

数据库级限制

SQL

ALTER DATABASE appdb SET qos.max_concurrent_tx = '200';

角色+数据库组合限制

SQL

ALTER ROLE app_user IN DATABASE appdb SET qos.work_mem_limit = '4MB';
ALTER ROLE app_user IN DATABASE appdb SET qos.max_concurrent_update = '10';

执行行为

工作内存：拦截 SET work_mem 并拒绝超过配置限制的值
CPU 限制（仅 Linux）：通过 CPU 亲和性将后端绑定到 N 个 CPU 核心；在非 Linux 平台上改为限制并行工作进程
并发：执行器钩子按类型跟踪活动事务/语句；违规将阻止执行

可观测性

SQL

SET client_min_messages = 'debug1';  -- 启用 QoS 事件的调试输出

角色级和数据库级设置中最严格的组合生效。需要 shared_preload_libraries = 'qos' 和 PostgreSQL 15+。

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