PolarDB PG
使用阿里云开源的 PolarDB for PostgreSQL 内核提供国产信创资质支持，与类似 Oracle RAC 的使用体验。
概览
Pigsty 允许使用 PolarDB 创建带有 “国产化信创资质” 的 PostgreSQL 集群！
PolarDB for PostgreSQL 当前以 PostgreSQL 17 为基线，Pigsty 中的 polar 模板、默认路径与扩展说明也已经同步到 PG17。任何兼容 PostgreSQL 线缆协议的客户端工具都可以访问 PolarDB 集群。
Pigsty 的 PGSQL 仓库中提供了 PolarDB PG 开源版安装包，但不会在 Pigsty 安装时下载到本地软件仓库。
安装
使用 Pigsty 内置模板：
./configure -c polar
./deploy.yml
变更摘要
| 项目 | 旧文档 / 旧默认值 | 当前值 |
|---|---|---|
| 内核基线 | PostgreSQL 15 | PostgreSQL 17 |
| 默认 PolarDB 路径 | /u01/polardb_pg | /u01/polardb_pg_17 |
| 支持架构 | x86_64 | x86_64, aarch64 |
| 可用扩展数 | 旧文档正文写为 61 | pg_available_extensions 查询结果为 93 |
| 复制用户要求 | replicator 需要 SUPERUSER | 保持不变 |
配置
以下参数需要针对 PolarDB 数据库集群进行特殊配置：
#----------------------------------#
# PGSQL & PolarDB
#----------------------------------#
pg_version: 17
pg_mode: polar
pg_packages: [ polardb, pgsql-common ]
pg_exporter_exclude_database: 'template0,template1,postgres,polardb_admin'
pg_default_roles:
- { name: dbrole_readonly ,login: false ,comment: role for global read-only access }
- { name: dbrole_offline ,login: false ,comment: role for restricted read-only access }
- { name: dbrole_readwrite ,login: false ,roles: [dbrole_readonly] ,comment: role for global read-write access }
- { name: dbrole_admin ,login: false ,roles: [pg_monitor, dbrole_readwrite] ,comment: role for object creation }
- { name: postgres ,superuser: true ,comment: system superuser }
- { name: replicator ,superuser: true ,replication: true ,roles: [pg_monitor, dbrole_readonly] ,comment: system replicator } # <- superuser is required for replication
- { name: dbuser_dba ,superuser: true ,roles: [dbrole_admin] ,pgbouncer: true ,pool_mode: session, pool_connlimit: 16 ,comment: pgsql admin user }
- { name: dbuser_monitor ,roles: [pg_monitor] ,pgbouncer: true ,parameters: {log_min_duration_statement: 1000 } ,pool_mode: session ,pool_connlimit: 8 ,comment: pgsql monitor user }
默认 polar 内核安装目录已调整为 /u01/polardb_pg_17。这里特别注意，PolarDB PG 要求 replicator 复制用户为 SUPERUSER，与原生 PG 不同。
扩展列表
绝大多数 PGSQL 模块的 扩展插件（尤其是需要二进制编译的扩展）都不能直接复用在 PolarDB 内核上；如果需要使用，请针对 PolarDB 17 内核重新编译安装。
与旧文档相比，PolarDB PG 17 的扩展列表已经明显变化。旧文档正文写成 “61 个扩展”，但旧表格实际列出了 74 个条目；根据最新 SELECT * FROM pg_available_extensions; 查询结果，当前可用扩展为 93 个。
| 变化类型 | 数量 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|
| 新增扩展 | 33 | 新增了 pgaudit、pg_partman、pg_profile、pg_repack、pg_stat_kcache、pg_jieba、pg_cron、pg_hint_plan、pg_walinspect，以及 polar_advisor、polar_feature_utils、polar_parameter_manager、polar_proxy_utils、polar_resource_manager、polar_smgrperf 等 PolarDB / 运维相关扩展。 |
| 移除扩展 | 14 | 旧文档中的 polar_csn、polar_px、polar_stat_env、polar_stat_sql、timetravel、smlar 已不在当前 PG17 可用列表中；同时，多项 plpython2u / plpythonu 兼容扩展也一并移除。 |
PolarDB PG 17 最新完整扩展列表如下（按 pg_available_extensions 查询结果顺序整理）：
| name | default_version | comment |
|---|---|---|
pg_jieba | 1.1.0 | a parser for full-text search of Chinese |
polar_monitor | 1.3 | monitor functions for PolarDB |
plpgsql | 1.0 | PL/pgSQL procedural language |
cube | 1.5 | data type for multidimensional cubes |
bool_plperl | 1.0 | transform between bool and plperl |
pg_partman | 5.2.4 | Extension to manage partitioned tables by time or ID |
pg_buffercache | 1.6 | examine the shared buffer cache |
pgaudit | 17.1 | provides auditing functionality |
pg_profile | 4.10 | PostgreSQL load profile repository and report builder |
pg_stat_statements | 1.11 | track planning and execution statistics of all SQL statements executed |
plperlu | 1.0 | PL/PerlU untrusted procedural language |
fuzzystrmatch | 1.2 | determine similarities and distance between strings |
pltcl | 1.0 | PL/Tcl procedural language |
jsonb_plpython3u | 1.0 | transform between jsonb and plpython3u |
polar_parameter_manager | 1.2 | Extension to select parameters for manger. |
sequential_uuids | 1.0.3 | generator of sequential UUIDs |
unaccent | 1.1 | text search dictionary that removes accents |
autoinc | 1.0 | functions for autoincrementing fields |
plpython3u | 1.0 | PL/Python3U untrusted procedural language |
amcheck | 1.4 | functions for verifying relation integrity |
pg_cron | 1.5 | Job scheduler for PostgreSQL |
polar_advisor | 1.1 | polar_advisor |
tsm_system_rows | 1.0 | TABLESAMPLE method which accepts number of rows as a limit |
pase | 0.0.1 | ant ai similarity search |
pg_squeeze | 1.9 | A tool to remove unused space from a relation. |
dict_xsyn | 1.0 | text search dictionary template for extended synonym processing |
prefix | 1.2.0 | Prefix Range module for PostgreSQL |
ip4r | 2.4 | |
ltree | 1.3 | data type for hierarchical tree-like structures |
btree_gist | 1.7 | support for indexing common datatypes in GiST |
hstore_plpython3u | 1.0 | transform between hstore and plpython3u |
pg_cron_preload | 1.0 | polardb pg extend catalog |
tablefunc | 1.0 | functions that manipulate whole tables, including crosstab |
refint | 1.0 | functions for implementing referential integrity (obsolete) |
pgtap | 1.3.3 | Unit testing for PostgreSQL |
pgstattuple | 1.5 | show tuple-level statistics |
polar_smgrperf | 1.0 | smgr perf test extension |
pg_repack | 1.5.1-1 | Reorganize tables in PostgreSQL databases with minimal locks |
file_fdw | 1.0 | foreign-data wrapper for flat file access |
pg_stat_kcache | 2.3.0 | Kernel statistics gathering |
pgcrypto | 1.3 | cryptographic functions |
hll | 2.18 | type for storing hyperloglog data |
pgrowlocks | 1.2 | show row-level locking information |
intagg | 1.1 | integer aggregator and enumerator (obsolete) |
sslinfo | 1.2 | information about SSL certificates |
pg_trgm | 1.6 | text similarity measurement and index searching based on trigrams |
isn | 1.2 | data types for international product numbering standards |
ltree_plpython3u | 1.0 | transform between ltree and plpython3u |
hstore | 1.8 | data type for storing sets of (key, value) pairs |
hstore_plperlu | 1.0 | transform between hstore and plperlu |
log_fdw | 1.4 | foreign-data wrapper for Postgres log file access |
dblink | 1.2 | connect to other PostgreSQL databases from within a database |
btree_gin | 1.3 | support for indexing common datatypes in GIN |
dict_int | 1.0 | text search dictionary template for integers |
polar_worker | 1.1 | polar_worker |
polar_resource_manager | 1.0 | a background process that forcibly frees user session process memory |
insert_username | 1.0 | functions for tracking who changed a table |
polar_feature_utils | 1.0 | PolarDB feature utilization |
polar_vfs | 1.0 | polar virtual file system for different storage |
uuid-ossp | 1.1 | generate universally unique identifiers (UUIDs) |
pg_walinspect | 1.1 | functions to inspect contents of PostgreSQL Write-Ahead Log |
pldbgapi | 1.1 | server-side support for debugging PL/pgSQL functions |
earthdistance | 1.2 | calculate great-circle distances on the surface of the Earth |
polar_tde_utils | 1.0 | Internal extension for TDE |
pageinspect | 1.12 | inspect the contents of database pages at a low level |
seg | 1.4 | data type for representing line segments or floating-point intervals |
pg_freespacemap | 1.2 | examine the free space map (FSM) |
bloom | 1.0 | bloom access method - signature file based index |
pg_similarity | 1.0 | support similarity queries |
tsm_system_time | 1.0 | TABLESAMPLE method which accepts time in milliseconds as a limit |
polar_monitor_preload | 1.0 | examine the polardb information |
pg_bigm | 1.2 | text similarity measurement and index searching based on bigrams |
pg_visibility | 1.2 | examine the visibility map (VM) and page-level visibility info |
pg_surgery | 1.0 | extension to perform surgery on a damaged relation |
pg_hint_plan | 1.7.0 | optimizer hints for PostgreSQL |
postgres_fdw | 1.1 | foreign-data wrapper for remote PostgreSQL servers |
lo | 1.1 | Large Object maintenance |
polar_io_stat | 1.0 | polar io stat in multi dimension |
jsonb_plperlu | 1.0 | transform between jsonb and plperlu |
moddatetime | 1.0 | functions for tracking last modification time |
pg_prewarm | 1.2 | prewarm relation data |
plperl | 1.0 | PL/Perl procedural language |
citext | 1.6 | data type for case-insensitive character strings |
xml2 | 1.1 | XPath querying and XSLT |
tcn | 1.0 | Triggered change notifications |
bool_plperlu | 1.0 | transform between bool and plperlu |
roaringbitmap | 0.5 | support for Roaring Bitmaps |
polar_proxy_utils | 1.0 | Extension to provide operations about proxy. |
hstore_plperl | 1.0 | transform between hstore and plperl |
jsonb_plperl | 1.0 | transform between jsonb and plperl |
varbitx | 1.1 | varbit functions pack |
pltclu | 1.0 | PL/TclU untrusted procedural language |
intarray | 1.5 | functions, operators, and index support for 1-D arrays of integers |
- Pigsty 专业版提供 PolarDB 离线安装支持，扩展插件编译支持，以及针对 PolarDB 集群进行专门适配的监控与管控支持。
- Pigsty 与阿里云内核团队有合作，可以提供有偿内核兜底支持服务。